Physicists discovered a new phase of matter that can make quantum computing more stable and error-free. They uncovered it by shining pulsed lights on qubits, the equivalent of ordinary computer bits in quantum theory.
What happened was that the new phase of matter seemed to occupy two different time dimensions instead of one. Thus, allowing qubits to remain stable. Usually, the problem with qubits is that they degrade during use and lead to errors in quantum computing because of quantum entanglement.
Qubits differ from ordinary bits in that, while bits store data in binary forms (1s and 0s), a qubit can exist in both states due to quantum superposition.
Philipp Dumitrescu of Flatiron Institute, New York, the study’s lead author, said: “I’ve been working on these theory ideas for over five years, and seeing them come actually to be realised in experiments is exciting.”
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The study was published in the science journal Nature on July 20, 2022, and it included contributions from other scientists from Canada and the US. If the study is replicated and still holds, the new phase of matter uncovered may just be the solution to the mysterious quantum entanglement.
Typically, qubits can relate with other unknown states and entangle with almost everything else to complicate matters and cause errors.
As Dumitrescu explained, “even if you keep all the atoms under tight control, they can lose their quantumness by talking to their environment, heating up or interacting with things in ways you didn’t plan. In practice, experimental devices have many sources of error that can degrade coherence after just a few laser pulses.”
With this discovery, scientists could build a working error-free quantum computer, which could harness the collective properties of quantum states, such as superposition, interference, and entanglement, to perform calculations.
Quantum computing could be applied in several ways, including cryptography, search problems, simulations of quantum systems, computational biology, and more.
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